{"id":42020,"date":"2021-06-21T18:09:06","date_gmt":"2021-06-21T18:09:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stageccl.wpengine.com\/charlitas-laser\/european-union-border-adjustment\/"},"modified":"2021-10-27T20:04:39","modified_gmt":"2021-10-27T20:04:39","slug":"ajuste-fronterizo-de-la-union-europea","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/citizensclimatelobby.org\/es\/ajuste-fronterizo-de-la-union-europea\/","title":{"rendered":"Ajuste fronterizo de la Uni\u00f3n Europea"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Una charlita l\u00e1ser es una breve y potente oraci\u00f3n sobre un tema espec\u00edfico relacionado con el cambio clim\u00e1tico o el plan de Dividendos Energ\u00e9ticos. Las charlitas l\u00e1ser no son para memorizar, sino para internalizar.\" data-placement=\"right\">Charlita l\u00e1ser:<\/span><\/a> El ajuste fronterizo de la Uni\u00f3n Europea<\/h1>\n[\/spb_text_block] [spb_text_block pb_margin_bottom=”no” pb_border_bottom=”no” width=”1\/1″ el_position=”first last”]\n

Pregunta: \u00bfC\u00f3mo afectar\u00e1 el ajuste fronterizo de la UE a la pol\u00edtica clim\u00e1tica de Estados Unidos?
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Respuesta<\/strong>: Uno de los pilares de un precio al carbono eficaz es un ajuste fronterizo de carbono que iguala los costes del carbono para los fabricantes nacionales y extranjeros. Se trata de un sistema de grav\u00e1menes a las importaciones y reembolsos a las exportaciones para equilibrar el impacto de los precios al carbono. Esto no s\u00f3lo mantiene la igualdad de condiciones para las empresas, sino que tambi\u00e9n disuade a las empresas de “deslocalizar” sus emisiones de carbono traslad\u00e1ndose a pa\u00edses que no fijan un precio al carbono [1<\/a>].<\/p>\n

A medida que aumentan los precios al carbono en Europa, la Uni\u00f3n Europea (UE) planea instituir un Mecanismo de Ajuste en la Frontera del Carbono (CBAM por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s) [2<\/a>]. [Esta pol\u00edtica, que se aplicar\u00e1 gradualmente entre 2023 y 2026\u00a0[3<\/a>], tendr\u00e1 un impacto en los exportadores estadounidenses. Pero si Estados Unidos promulgara una pol\u00edtica de Renta Clim\u00e1tica con un precio al carbono igual o superior al de Europa, las empresas estadounidenses que comercian con la UE podr\u00edan evitar casi con toda seguridad ese gravamen en frontera. En resumen, para mantener la paridad comercial con Europa, EEUU necesita ponerle precio al carbono.<\/p>\n

Dependiendo de c\u00f3mo se estructura el CBAM, la eficiencia relativa del carbono de la industria estadounidense podr\u00eda conferir una ventaja comercial inherente en comparaci\u00f3n con la mayor\u00eda de nuestros socios comerciales no pertenecientes a la UE [4<\/a>]. Por ende, Estados Unidos har\u00eda bien en poner r\u00e1pidamente un precio al carbono en coordinaci\u00f3n con la UE para preservar esa ventaja comercial con las econom\u00edas de fuera de la UE.<\/p>\n

Si tanto Estados Unidos como Europa fijan precios al carbono con un ajuste fronterizo, la influencia comercial de estos dos gigantes econ\u00f3micos presionar\u00eda a otros pa\u00edses para que siguieran su ejemplo. Esto no es s\u00f3lo una especulaci\u00f3n; tanto China\u00a0[5<\/a>] como Rusia [6<\/a>] han dejado claro que un CBAM unidireccional de la UE les resultar\u00e1 costoso, y est\u00e1n ajustando sus propias ambiciones de fijaci\u00f3n de precios al carbono en consecuencia [7<\/a>,8<\/a>]. Esto deber\u00eda ser \u00fatil en la lucha por reducir las emisiones globales.<\/p>\n[\/spb_text_block] [spb_message color=”alert-info” width=”1\/1″ el_position=”first last”]\n

En pocas palabras:\u00a0<\/strong>La Uni\u00f3n Europea ha decidido implementar un mecanismo de ajuste fronterizo de carbono a partir de 2023, lo que pondr\u00eda a las empresas de fuera de la UE en una desventaja comercial, a menos que promulguen su propia pol\u00edtica de fijaci\u00f3n de precios al carbono que tambi\u00e9n incluya un ajuste fronterizo similar. \u00a1Eso significa nosotros!<\/p>\n[\/spb_message] [divider type=”standard” text=”Go to top” full_width=”no” width=”1\/1″ el_position=”first last”] [spb_text_block pb_margin_bottom=”no” pb_border_bottom=”no” width=”1\/1″ el_position=”first last”]\n

Relacionadas<\/strong>: Ajuste fronterizo de carbono<\/a>, Precios al carbono en el mundo<\/a>.<\/p>\n[\/spb_text_block] [divider type=”standard” text=”Go to top” full_width=”no” width=”1\/1″ el_position=”first last”] [boxed_content type=”whitestroke” pb_margin_bottom=”no” width=”1\/1″ el_position=”first last”]\n

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  1. Flannery, B.P. \u201cCarbon Taxes, Trade, and Border Tax Adjustments.\u201d Resumen de pol\u00edticas n\u00famero 16-02. Resources for the Future (abril de 2016).<\/li>\n
  2. Molyneux, C.G., P. Bal\u00e1s, y P. Mertensk\u00f6tter. \u201cTwelve Things to Know About the Upcoming EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism.\u201d Covington Global Policy Watch<\/em> (16 de junio de 2021).<\/li>\n
  3. Taylor, K. \u201cCarbon border levy should be in place no later than 2023, EU lawmakers say.\u201d Euractiv Media Network (8 de febrero de 2021).<\/li>\n
  4. Rorke, C. y G. Bertelsen. \u201cAmerica\u2019s Carbon Advantage.\u201d Climate Leadership Council (septiembre de 2020).<\/li>\n
  5. Xu, M. y D. Stanway. \u201cChina says EU\u2019s planned carbon border tax violates trade principles.\u201d Reuters<\/em> (26 de julio de 2021).<\/li>\n
  6. Morgan, S. \u201cMoscow cries foul over EU\u2019s planned carbon border tax.\u201d Euractiv Media Network<\/em> (26 de julio de 2021).<\/li>\n
  7. Early, C. \u201cThe EU can expect heavy pushback on its carbon border tax.\u201d China Dialogue<\/em> (01 de septiembre de 2020).<\/li>\n
  8. Korsunskaya, A. y A. Marrow. \u201cRussia considering own carbon tax as EU prepares one -Vedomosti.\u201d NASDAQ <\/em>(23 de septiembre de 2021).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n[\/boxed_content] [spb_text_block pb_margin_bottom=”no” pb_border_bottom=”no” width=”1\/1″ el_position=”first last”]\n

    Se actualiz\u00f3 esta p\u00e1gina el 17 de octubre de 2021.<\/em><\/p>\n[\/spb_text_block] [\/spb_column] [sidebar_widget sidebar_id=”sidebar-1″ width=”1\/3″ el_position=”last”]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    [spb_column width=”2\/3″ el_position=”first”] [spb_text_block pb_margin_bottom=”no” pb_border_bottom=”no” width=”1\/1″ el_position=”first last”] El ajuste fronterizo de la Uni\u00f3n Europea [\/spb_text_block] [spb_text_block pb_margin_bottom=”no” pb_border_bottom=”no” width=”1\/1″ el_position=”first last”] Pregunta: \u00bfC\u00f3mo afectar\u00e1 el ajuste fronterizo de la UE a la pol\u00edtica clim\u00e1tica de Estados Unidos? Respuesta: Uno de los pilares de un precio al carbono eficaz es un ajuste fronterizo de carbono que iguala los costes […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":111,"featured_media":23601,"parent":0,"menu_order":8,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"laser_talk.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAjuste fronterizo de la Uni\u00f3n Europea | Citizens' Climate Lobby<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The E.U. has decided to enact a carbon border adjustment mechanism in 2023, which would put non-EU businesses at a trade disadvantage unless they enact their own carbon pricing policy that also features a similar border adjustment.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/citizensclimatelobby.org\/es\/charlitas-laser\/ajuste-fronterizo-de-la-union-europea\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta 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